拱形骨架护坡的8个施工步骤
路基坡面防护是防止土质或风化岩石的冲刷或剥落采取的措施，起到保护边坡的整体稳定性，同时还可以美化路基和协调自然环境。路基坡面防护采用比较多的一种是拱形骨架防护，其施工过程主要分为以下8个步骤。
Subgrade slope protection is a measure taken to prevent erosion or peeling of soil or weathered rock, which protects the overall stability of the slope, beautifies the subgrade, and coordinates the natural environment. The arch skeleton protection is widely used for subgrade slope protection, and its construction process is mainly divided into the following 8 steps.
1、平整边坡
1. Leveling slope
采用人工对交验后的坡面进行修正、整平，清楚坡面危石、松土、填补坑凹等，要求坡面平整、密实，线形平顺。
Manually correct and level the slope surface after inspection, clear the dangerous rocks, loosen soil, and fill the pits on the slope surface. The slope surface is required to be flat, dense, and linear.
2、测量放样
2. Survey and setting out
测量放线前，工程部测量人员要根据涵洞位置并考虑混凝土踏步位置整体布拱，在所有拱圈位置确定后才能根据里程位置精确放线。
Before surveying and setting out, the surveying personnel of the Engineering Department should arrange the arch as a whole based on the culvert position and considering the concrete step position. Only after the positions of all the arch rings are determined can they accurately set out based on the mileage position.
根据测放的里程桩现场排出骨架位置，撒白灰线标示，排出骨架位置后，要对相邻的里程桩再次进行闭合测量。确认无误后方可进行基槽开挖。
According to the measured mileage stake, the skeleton position shall be discharged on site and marked with a white gray line. After the skeleton position is discharged, the adjacent mileage stake shall be closed for measurement again. Foundation trench excavation can only be carried out after confirmation.
3、骨架基槽开挖
3. Excavation of skeleton foundation trench
根据施工控制桩拉线，定出拱架的轮廓，拱形骨架用石灰划出，准备开挖拱架沟槽。采用人工或小型挖机开挖沟槽，根据设计控制线进行开挖，线形平顺，槽底平整、密实无松散，尺寸、高程、坡度等检测指标要满足设计及规范要求。
According to the construction control pile, the outline of the arch frame is determined, and the arch skeleton is drawn with lime to prepare for excavation of the arch frame trench. Manual or small excavator shall be used to excavate the trench, and the excavation shall be carried out according to the design control line. The alignment shall be smooth, the trench bottom shall be flat, dense, and free of looseness. The inspection indicators such as size, elevation, and slope shall meet the design and specification requirements.
4、砂垫层铺设
4. Sand cushion laying
在基槽开挖完成后，基地松散结构，并进行洒水，在基地平整、密实后即可进行砂垫层的铺设。砂垫层铺设使用土工布铺底，并且防止其他杂物污染砂浆，不得直接倒在土基上使用，厚度为10cm，铺设平整、密实。
After the foundation trench excavation is completed, remove the loose structure of the base and sprinkle water. After the base is leveled and compacted, the sand cushion can be paved. The sand cushion shall be paved with geotextile, and other debris shall be prevented from polluting the mortar. It shall not be directly poured onto the soil foundation for use. The thickness shall be 10cm, and the paving shall be smooth and dense.
5、拱圈预制块铺设
5. Laying of arch ring precast blocks
预制块自下而上进行铺设，在砂浆垫层上安装预制块。施工时必须挂线砌筑，保证线性平顺、砌体平整，与坡面紧密结合。
Prefabricated blocks shall be laid from bottom to top, and prefabricated blocks shall be installed on the mortar cushion. During construction, it is necessary to hang lines for masonry to ensure linear smoothness, smooth masonry, and close integration with the slope surface.
为有效的让上下左右砌筑块体材料之间的连接更为牢固，砌筑过程中及时勾缝，勾缝采用同标号水泥砂浆，缝宽1cm，做成“凹缝”，缝宽要求均匀、直顺。
In order to effectively ensure a stronger connection between the upper, lower, left, and right masonry block materials, timely pointing is required during the masonry process. The pointing is made using cement mortar of the same grade, with a joint width of 1cm, and is made into a "concave joint". The joint width is required to be uniform and straight.
拱圈施工时，边坡急流槽和检查踏步一并配合施工需，将急流槽和检查踏步设置于拱间处以利于排水。
During the construction of the arch ring, the slope chute and inspection steps shall be arranged together to meet the construction requirements. The chute and inspection steps shall be arranged between the arches to facilitate drainage.
6、设置伸缩缝
6. Setting expansion joints
沿路线纵向每隔3~4个拱圈设伸缩缝一道，伸缩缝设置在拱顶预制块附近，铺砌预制块时用木板隔开，施工完成后用浸沥青麻絮填塞密实，填塞深度不小于10cm。
Along the longitudinal direction of the route, an expansion joint is set every 3 to 4 arch rings. The expansion joint is set near the precast block on the arch crown. When paving the precast block, it is separated by wooden boards. After the construction is completed, it is densely filled with asphalt oakum, and the filling depth is not less than 10cm.
7、骨架养生
7. Skeleton curing
完成的拱形骨架护坡及时养生，进行覆盖洒水，保持现浇砼、勾缝砂浆湿润。
The completed arch skeleton slope protection shall be timely cured, covered and watered, and the cast-in-situ concrete and pointing mortar shall be kept moist.
8、拱架内植草绿化
8. Grass planting and greening within the arch frame
拱形骨架预制块铺砌完成，待拱架具有一定强度后，进行客土回填，并对土进行夯实，注意培土顶面低于骨架3~5cm，之后在骨架内三维网植草绿化，采用人工撒播的方式，撒播草种后在坡体表面撒5cm厚细粒客土并洒水湿润避免草种受雨水冲失或烈日暴晒。
After the paving of the prefabricated blocks of the arch skeleton is completed, and after the arch skeleton has reached a certain strength, carry out the backfilling of the guest soil, and tamp the soil. Note that the top surface of the soil is 3~5cm lower than the skeleton. Then, plant grass in the three-dimensional mesh within the skeleton for greening, using manual sowing methods. After sowing the grass seeds, sprinkle 5cm thick fine grained guest soil on the slope surface and sprinkle water to prevent the grass seeds from being washed away by rain or exposed to the scorching sun.
拱形骨架护坡的8个施工步骤相关内容就讲解到这里了。您对此有怎样的疑惑或者问题，就来我们网站http://www.longyuejiancai.com咨询！
The relevant content of the 8 construction steps of arch skeleton slope protection will be explained here. If you have any doubts or questions about this, please come to our website http://www.longyuejiancai.com consulting service
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